In the Nāth Tradition, legend ascribes the origin of Tantra to Dattatreya, a semi-mythological yogi and the assumed author of the Jivanmukta Gita ("Song of the liberated soul"). Matsyendranath is credited with the authorship of the Kaulajñāna-nirnāya, a voluminous ninth-century tantra dealing with a host of mystical and magical subjects. This work occupies an important position in the Hindu tantric lineage and Tibetan Vajrayana Buddhism.
Tantra in Hinduism could be considered to be parallel to the Hindu Vedic tradition.
Tantra contains written records of the Agama, which comes in four main parts, as follows:
- Jnana or metaphysical knowledge
- Yoga or meditative practices
- Kriya or ritual practices
- Charya or ethical and religious principles of conduct